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- BUSINESS, Page 54The Empire Shrinks Back
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- Campeau gives up his crown jewel, but will it be enough?
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- Sometimes, winning your heart's desire is the first step
- toward losing it. Canadian developer Robert Campeau is learning
- that lesson, and has only begun to pay the price. A onetime
- machinist's apprentice and a self-made real estate tycoon,
- Campeau, 66, borrowed his way to the top shelf of the U.S.
- retailing industry. He spent $3.6 billion in 1986 to buy the
- Allied group of stores (holdings: Brooks Brothers, Bonwit Teller
- and Jordan Marsh). Last year he won a $6.6 billion bidding war
- with R.H. Macy for control of Federated Department Stores, a
- costly victory that gained him a crown jewel for his retailing
- kingdom: Federated's glittering, 17-store Bloomingdale's chain.
- But now Campeau is being forced to put Bloomie's on the block
- as his highly leveraged empire begins to crumble.
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- Bloomingdale's may fetch as much as $2 billion in an
- auction that is expected to attract bidders from Manhattan to
- Tokyo. Among them is Marvin Traub, chairman of the chain, who
- is planning a management-led buyout. But selling Bloomie's will
- not be enough. Campeau's firm conceded last week that it may
- default on $1.27 billion in fourth-quarter debt payments. The
- disclosure sent prices of Allied junk bonds plunging 20% in
- value in just one day, while Federated's fell 13%.
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- In Toronto trading in the company's shares was halted for
- three days while the firm scrambled to meet a Friday deadline
- for repayment of loans from its U.S. investment bankers: First
- Boston, Paine Webber and Dillon, Read. Campeau averted the
- crisis by arranging a $250 million loan from real estate giant
- Olympia & York, a major Campeau stockholder owned by Toronto's
- Reichmann family. As a result, Campeau's controlling interest
- in the firm he founded in 1949 slipped below a majority stake,
- from 53% to about 43%, while the Reichmann holdings increased
- from 24.5% to some 35%.
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- Campeau had created problems for himself at a headlong
- pace. Even as he scooped up retailers, Campeau made plans to
- build dozens of big department stores. While he spun off such
- acquisitions as Brooks Brothers and Bonwit Teller to pay part
- of his $11 billion debt, he insisted that his remaining chains
- could churn out enough cash to make interest payments, finance
- expansion and yield profits as well. Instead, the cash registers
- rang slowly as the retailing industry suffered from stagnant
- consumer spending.
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- Campeau has created a vicious cycle in his stores. After
- losing a combined total of $306 million during the first half
- of 1989, Allied and Federated face a cash crunch just when they
- must stock up for the holiday shopping season. In a Securities
- and Exchange Commission filing made public last week, Allied
- said its "needs are far greater than its resources."
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- Bloomingdale's plans to mount its usual theatrical holiday
- display of luxury goods. But by the time the gold, frankincense
- and furs are gone, the mecca for wealthy consumers may be
- yielding its profits to a new owner. Campeau, meanwhile, must
- find more ways to meet $1 billion in annual interest payments.
- Says retailing analyst Walter Loeb: "He's going to have to sell
- more than just Bloomingdale's to get out of the hole he's dug
- for himself."
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